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| 1990) causing hyperpolarization, and presynaptic GABAb receptors causing enhancement of synaptic inhibition (Cameron and Williams, 1993). (Reviewed in |
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| Ach exerted two distinct effects on fast-spiking interneurons: Ach directly depolarized FS interneurons by acting on nondesensitizing soma-dendritic nicotinic receptors. In addition, Ach attenuated the GABAergic inhibition of projection neurons by fast-spiking interneurons through activation of presynaptic muscarinic receptors |
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| Activation of the Ca2+ current by depolarization as short as 15 ms in a single bipolar cell evokes the glutamatergic postsynaptic currents, of both both NMDA and non-NMDA types, in the Ganglion cells |
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| acts on D2 autoreceptors |
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| and Shepherd GM ed. Synaptic Organization of the Brain, 1998. p182) GABA release onto mitral: spontaneous and gltamate-evoked. Moreover, activation of muscarinic receptors modulates GABAergic synaptic inputs onto mitral cell. |
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| and Shepherd GM ed. Synaptic Organization of the Brain, 1998. p182)GABA release onto mitral: spontaneous and gltamate-evoked. Moreover, activation of muscarinic receptors modulates GABAergic synaptic inputs onto mitral cell. |
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| At parallel fiber (PF) -Purkinje cell synapses, NMDA reversibly depresses postsynaptic currents, through a trans-synaptic mechanism that involves release from PFs nitric oxide that decreases the glutamate sensitivity of the Purkinje cell |
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| Autaptic self-innervation of basket cells |
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| Basket cells make synaptic contact with pyramidal and spiny stellate cells preferentially on the somata (50%) and dendritic shaft (45%), but synapses on dendritic spines are also present (4.9%). IPSPs elicited in the postsynaptic cells have short latency, fast rising time and short duration, similar to those mediated by GABAA receptors |
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| Both X and Y relay neurons receive inputs from TRN axons. The X neurons are innervated both within the glomerulus and above the glomerulus on the middle of the denritic tree (SOBIV p301, 305). |
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| Cholinergic agonist carbachol caused a significant suppression of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) in the pyramidal neurons that were induced by stimulation of layer Ib, with a weaker effect on IPSPs induced by stimulation of layer Ia |
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| DA is released from dendrites |
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| Dendritic GABAA-mediated IPSPs act largely independent of somatic IPSPs and may regulate facilitation of MNDA-mediated respnses |
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| Dendrodendritic synapse onto mitral/tufted cells, of type 2 |
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| Different GABAergic receptors are localized to specific layers, and may mediate feedforward and feedback inhibitions |
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| Dopaminergic subdivision of the periglomerular interneurons throughout classes of vertebrates. |
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| Dual whole-cell recordings in acute slices showed that kainate receptors located on presynaptic interneuron terminals can be activated by glutamate released from the somatodendritic compartment of the postsynaptic pyramidal cells |
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| Dual whole-cell recordings showed that Ca2+-dependent release of a retrograde messenger, most probably glutamate, from dendrites suppresses the inhibition of pyramidal neurons |
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| Electrophysiology data: AP5 attenuates delayed excitatory components in peristimulus time histograms of mitral cell unit responses to olfactory nerve volleys |
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| Electrophysiology data: DNQX attenuates early and late excitatory components in peristimulus time histograms of mitral cell unit responses to olfactory nerve volleys |
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| Experimental findings support a cascade for induction of homosynaptic, NO-dependent LTD involving activation of guanylyl cyclase, production of guanosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate and subsequent PKG activation. This process has an additional requirement for release of Ca2+ from ryanodine-sensitive stores |
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| From cerebral cortex |
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| From rodents to primates, the SNr and GPi innervate thalamic and brain stem nuclei connected to motor, prefrontal, parietal and temporal associative cortical areas offering an access for BG to control motor, cognitive, as well as emotional–motivational processes.” |
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| GABA inactivation of large-basket cells of visual cortex resulted in weakened orientation and direction selectivity, via weakening of long-range lateral inhibition by the basket cells |
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| GABA is a neurotransmitter used by basket cells or clutch cells |
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| GABAergic inhibitory synapses onto mitral cells, through dendrodendritic spine synapse: possibly two types: self inhibition and lateral inhibition. |
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| GABAergic interneurons (basket cells, dendrite-targeting cells, and double-bouquet cells) form reciprocally interconnected intracortical networks in which basket cells play a prominent role, given the strength of innervation and the proximal placement of synapses by basket cells to their postsynaptic targets |
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| GAD-positive gemmules (spines) of granule cells were observed to form reciprocal dendrodentritic synaptic junctions with mitral cell dentrites which lacked reaction product. |
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| GAD-positive staining |
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| GAD-positive staining gemmules (i.e., spines) of periglomerular cells also formed reciprocal dendrodentritic synaptic contacts with mitral/tufted cell dentrites. |
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| Glutamate - kainate receptor (glur6)In mouse hippocampal slices, bath application of kainate caused presynaptic reduction in epscs at mossy fiber synapses on CA3 pyramidal cells in glur6 knockouts but not in glur5 knockouts. |
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| Glutamate release from parallel fibers (of granule cells) activates AMPA, mGluR on Purkinje cells |
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